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<title>Medical Humanities</title>
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<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/1?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Questioning the habitual and taken-for-granted]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/1?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <sec> <p>In the fifth of a series of papers, Alan Bleakley and Rob Marshall<cross-ref type="bib" refid="R1">1</cross-ref> "use thinking with Homer as a medium and metaphor for questioning the habitual and the taken-for-granted in contemporary [medical] practice". The importance of being prepared to challenge the status quo has been brought into sharp and painful relief by the on-going scandals about the care, or rather lack thereof, provided to some National Health Service (NHS) patients, most notably in The Mid-Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust.</p> <p>The status quo in Mid-Staffordshire was one of poor care, high mortality rates and widespread patient concern, compounded by managerial and clinical inaction. Appalling care had, quite literally, become habitual and taken-for-granted. As the inquiry report makes clear, there were many warning signs, but because of "an engrained culture of tolerance of poor standards, a focus on finance and targets, denial of concerns, and an isolation from practice...]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Kirklin, D.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2013-010391</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2013-010391</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Questioning the habitual and taken-for-granted]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Editorial</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>1</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>1</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/e1?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[My mother's legs]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/e1?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <p><qd><p>Inconclusive diagnosis</p> <p>Stole conclusive identity</p> <p>The experts only know what they see</p> <p>Not what it means</p> <p>Mass pressing on spinal cord</p> <p>I give her the only thing I can</p> <p>Knowledge</p> </qd><qd> <p><I>See that? It's your T5 to T6 vertebrae</I></p> <p><I>And there? That's the back of your ribs</I></p> <p><I>The steroids you're taking will help and hurt</I></p> </qd><qd> <p>Wheelchair bound</p> <p>physical therapy mornings turn into</p> <p>pain patched nights</p> <p>Stretches and weights and stamina because</p> <p>Hope is a muscle that can atrophy</p> <p>Without use</p> <p>Leg spasms, medicines with careful instructions</p> </qd><qd> <p><I>Eat this one before you eat</I></p> <p><I>That that one two hours later</I></p> <p><I>Take these three throughout the day</I></p> </qd><qd> <p>More time with family</p> <p>Everybody suffers</p> <p>Still a mother</p> <p>Now we take care of her instead</p> <p><I>There's a fine line between a tragedy and a blessing</I>, she tells me</p> <p>I should know what to do</p> <p>Should know how to treat her illness</p>...]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Dave, S. J.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010310</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010310</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[My mother's legs]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Electronic pages - Poetry and prose</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>e1</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>e1</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/2?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Portraits, patients and practitioners]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/2?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <p>Medicine and portraiture are entwined in intimate and distinctive ways. Thus portraits connected with health and medicine provide promising material for the medical humanities. In order for them to fulfil that promise, a number of issues need to be addressed. The nature of portraiture and the conditions under which portraits are made are fundamental considerations. The metaphorical power of the very idea &lsquo;portrait&rsquo;, which implies a faithful rendering of specific phenomena, is particularly striking. Then it is worth setting out where medicine portraiture has been practised, by whom and in which media. Modes of visual analysis also need to be considered, including the fields, such as art history, anthropology and visual culture studies, which offer inspiration for the close analysis of images and artefacts.</p> <p>Portraits are ubiquitous in medicine. The <I>Patients' Portraits</I> group of companion papers in <I>Medical Humanities</I> indicates the richness of the materials and the value of...]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Jordanova, L.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2013-010367</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2013-010367</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Portraits, patients and practitioners]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Editorial</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>2</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>3</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/e2?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Dear intensive care provider]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/e2?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <p><qd><p>Please don't ask me to leave;</p> <p>Don't make me wait outside while you do</p> <p>All the things that you're trained to do</p> <p>That will bring her back from the brink of death.</p> </qd></p> <p><qd><p>Let me hold her hand a little longer;</p> <p>I won't be in the way at all;</p> <p>Just quietly, quietly, I'll sit, eyes closed,</p> <p>Willing life back into her ravaged body.</p> </qd></p> <p><qd><p>Please don't ask me to leave just yet;</p> <p>She needs to feel that I'm still there;</p> <p>That I'm fighting for her every inch of the way;</p> <p>She won't be so scared with her hand in mine.</p> </qd></p> <p><qd><p>What if she opens her eyes perchance?</p> <p>If her heart starts beating again like before?</p> <p>How will she feel amongst masked strangers?</p> <p>Please let me be there; don't make me go.</p> </qd></p> <p><qd><p>When she was born, I still remember</p> <p>One of the very first things that the little...]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Dhaliwal, U.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010347</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010347</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Dear intensive care provider]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Electronic pages - Poetry and prose</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>e2</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>e2</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/e3?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[A day in the life of the guy in bed 2]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/e3?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <p><I>Phlebotomy:</I> 4:00 Check the ID band, confirm the name. No I didn't take someone else's ID band, it's me. Left antecubital fossa. Just a pinch. Wiggle the needle, wiggle. No flash. Right arm. Exsanguination begins. Drifting back to sleep.</p> <p><I>Medical student:</I> 4:45 I know, I know, you're the medical student. Yes my dear, you can listen to my lungs. No, I don't have any chest pain or shortness of breath. Sure, you can do a neurologic exam... even though the surgery was on my <I>bladder</I>.</p> <p><I>Intern:</I> 5:15 Papers shuffle. The list! Don't drop the beloved list! Yes, I walked yesterday... three times. No, no gas yet. Yes that hurts... I just had surgery.</p> <p><I>Rounds:</I> 6:10 Chief resident shuffles in, looks like he's in high school. Residents look tired; time to wash that white coat pal. Then the intern, the trusty medical student. Intern is making check boxes; that's cute....]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Kaplan, A. L.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2013-010353</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2013-010353</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[A day in the life of the guy in bed 2]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Electronic pages - Poetry and prose</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>e3</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>e3</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/4?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[The 'scientific artworks' of Doctor Paul Richer]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/4?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[
<p>This article examines the little-known sculptures of pathology created by Doctor Paul Richer (1849&ndash;1933) in the 1890s for the so-called Mus&eacute;e Charcot at the H&ocirc;pital de la Salp&ecirc;tri&egrave;re in Paris. Under the direction of Doctor Jean-Martin Charcot (1825&ndash;1893), one of the founders of modern neurology, Richer was the head of the hospital's museum of pathological anatomy, as well as the Salp&ecirc;tri&egrave;re's resident artist. His &lsquo;series of figural representations of the principal types of nervous pathology&rsquo; included busts of patients suffering from labio-glosso-laryngeal paralysis and myopathy, as well as sculptures depicting patients with Parkinson's disease and juvenile hypothyroidism. These patient portraits were seen as objective, while also paradoxically providing an alternative to mechanical media, such as the photograph and the cast, by permitting the doctor's intervention in not only controlling and animating the sitter, but also emphasising the patient's symptoms. This was a new kind of medical specimen: the &lsquo;scientific artwork&rsquo;, as they were called by a contemporary. This phrase, far from being an oxymoron, indicates the purposive collapse of the objective (&lsquo;scientific&rsquo;) and subjective (&lsquo;artistic&rsquo;) binary in Richer's sculptures of pathology. Through a detailed examination of three of Richer's works, this article problematises the categories traditionally used to describe, analyse and understand medical imagery and complicates our understanding of the relationship between science and art at the end of the nineteenth century.</p>
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ruiz-Gomez, N.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010279</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010279</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[The 'scientific artworks' of Doctor Paul Richer]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Patients&#x27; portraits</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>4</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>10</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/e4?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[For flowers are no longer allowed]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/e4?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <p>Nothing was ever good enough, the patients kept dying,</p> <p>though the drugs were getting better all the time,</p> <p>and more expensive.</p> <p>We blamed ourselves while exotic named potions</p> <p>dripped through hopeful arms,</p> <p>meanwhile the oceans were drained of normal saline.</p> <p>"Your chances of death are small, say 0.9 percent,"</p> <p>I told Bed 5, but it wasn't good enough,</p> <p>she was alive then dead the next day, only the flowers</p> <p>by her bedside knew why. They kept dying,</p> <p>the drugs failed, I failed, words failed</p> <p>to explain to them the way the universe worked.</p> <p>&lsquo;Sorry&rsquo; said a thousand times until we developed a lisp,</p> <p>so we turned to magic, the laying on of hands,</p> <p>late at night we spoke to the dead, listened for breath sounds,</p> <p>peering into a cavernous pupil we whispered the poetry of Keats,</p> <p>counted to ten, lifted the sheet.</p> <p>At midnight another loss,</p> <p>advanced resuscitation failed...]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Strawson, J. A.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2013-010373</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2013-010373</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[For flowers are no longer allowed]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Electronic pages - Poetry and prose</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>e4</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>e4</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/11?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Portraits of John Hunter's patients]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/11?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[
<p>Portraits of patients served many clinical functions in eighteenth-century medic John Hunter's medical practice. As incarnations of medical skills and medical knowledge, they helped Hunter understand his patients&rsquo; problems. They could also bridge the physical absence of his patients, and so help him discuss cases at a distance with other members of the medical faculty. Moreover, portraits complemented text in his day-to-day practice; portraits were in no way an ancillary medium for Hunter, but rather a fundamental way of working. Meanwhile, the role of Hunter's assistants as medically trained artists complicates typical historical models of patient&ndash;practitioner interactions, and affects how patients were objectified by modes of looking and by art.</p>
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[James, D. H.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010278</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010278</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Portraits of John Hunter's patients]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Patients&#x27; portraits</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>11</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>19</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/20?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Identifying the patient in George W Lambert's Chesham Street]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/20?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[
<p>This paper takes as its focus one of the Edwardian period's most dramatic and little-understood paintings of a medical examination: George Washington Lambert's <I>Chesham Street</I> (1910). The painting shows an upper-class male patient lifting his shirt to reveal a muscular torso for examination by the doctor in the scene and the viewers outside it. The subject of a medical examination, I argue, legitimised the scrutiny of exposed male flesh and offered an opportunity for sensual pleasure between men.</p>
<p>By way of a comparison with other portraits of the artist from around the same period, I interpret <I>Chesham Street</I> as a patient self-portrait, which reveals the artist's dual personalities of bohemian artist and Australian boxer: two personae that did not combine seamlessly, as revealed by the composite nature of the patient in <I>Chesham Street</I>. From a discussion of the artist as patient, I move to an analysis of other self-portraits by Lambert in which the artist is shown flexing his muscles, especially in the context of his passion for boxing. I consider how these portraits serve as complex inscriptions of illness and health and how this relates to the experience of living and working as an Australian expatriate artist in London in the early twentieth century.</p>
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Hammerschlag, K. R.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010274</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010274</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:subject><![CDATA[Open access]]></dc:subject>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Identifying the patient in George W Lambert's Chesham Street]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Patients&#x27; portraits</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>20</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>28</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/29?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Inventing the medical portrait: photography at the 'Benevolent Asylum' of Holloway, c. 1885-1889]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/29?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[
<p>In 1885, Holloway Sanatorium, an asylum for the &lsquo;mentally afflicted of the middle classes&rsquo; opened in Egham, Surrey, 20 miles outside London. Until 1910, photographs of about a third of the patients&mdash;both those &lsquo;Certified Lunatic by Inquisition&rsquo; and the &lsquo;Voluntary Boarders&rsquo; who admitted themselves&mdash;were pasted into the asylum's case books. This paper analyses the photographs that were included in the very first of these, when there was a great uncertainty as to how to represent these patients, or whether to represent them at all. The photographs are unlike any other institutional images of the period, and raise critical questions about the imagined incompatibility between documentary photography and personal agency.</p>
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Sidlauskas, S.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010280</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010280</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Inventing the medical portrait: photography at the 'Benevolent Asylum' of Holloway, c. 1885-1889]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Patients&#x27; portraits</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>29</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>37</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/38?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Patients rebuilt: Dr Auguste Rollier's heliotherapeutic portraits, c.1903-1944]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/38?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[
<p>This article explores and critically contextualises the photographic production of heliotherapist Auguste Rollier (1874&ndash;1954), specifically the &lsquo;patient portraits&rsquo; photographed at his Leysin sanatoria over a substantial period of four decades, c.1903&ndash;1944. It argues that these photographs, ignored in secondary literature, were particularly persuasive in communicating the natural healing powers of sunlight and through their international dissemination brought Rollier's work professional acclaim and prestige. Always presenting anonymous patients, and most often children, the images produced for Rollier's work interweave aesthetic and medical interests. Whether through the aesthetics of the photograph, of the positioning and appearance of the patient's body, or of the language used to describe these, issues of beauty and harmony were significant preoccupations for Rollier and the dissemination of his heliotherapeutic practice. The article argues that these aesthetic preoccupations drove his work, that the patient's progress and final cure, and thus the therapy's efficacy, were determined by aesthetic criteria&mdash;read through the body itself and its photographic representation. This legibility, of the body and its photography, was crucial to articulating the sun's perceived natural ability to improve, heal and even &lsquo;rebuild&rsquo; individual patients into socially and physically productive citizens. As such, the article contends, Rollier privileged image over word, conceiving the former as possessing an unequalled &lsquo;eloquence&rsquo; to communicate the efficacy and social potential of heliotherapy.</p>
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Woloshyn, T. A.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010281</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010281</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Patients rebuilt: Dr Auguste Rollier's heliotherapeutic portraits, c.1903-1944]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Patients&#x27; portraits</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>38</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>46</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/47?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Lost in translation. Homer in English; the patient's story in medicine]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/47?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[
<p>In a series of previous articles, we have considered how we might reconceptualise central themes in medicine and medical education through &lsquo;thinking with Homer&rsquo;. This has involved using textual approaches, scenes and characters from the <I>Iliad</I> and <I>Odyssey</I> for rethinking what is a &lsquo;communication skill&rsquo;, and what do we mean by &lsquo;empathy&rsquo; in medical practice; in what sense is medical practice formulaic, like a Homeric &lsquo;song&rsquo;; and what is lyrical about medical practice. Our approach is not to historicise medicine and medical education, but to use thinking with Homer as a medium and metaphor for questioning the habitual and the taken-for-granted in contemporary practice.</p>
<p>In this article, we tackle the complex theme of &lsquo;translation&rsquo;. We use the lens of translation studies to examine the process of turning the patient's story into medical language. We address the questions: what makes a &lsquo;good&rsquo; translation? What are the consequences of mistranslation and poor translation? And, while things are inevitably lost in translation, does this matter?</p>
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Marshall, R. J., Bleakley, A.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010307</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010307</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:subject><![CDATA[Editor's choice]]></dc:subject>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Lost in translation. Homer in English; the patient's story in medicine]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Original article</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>47</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>52</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/53?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Living into the imagined body: how the diagnostic image confronts the lived body]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/53?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[
<p>In this paper I will show how the medical image, presented to the patient by the physician, participates in medicine's cold culture of abstraction, objectification and mandated normativity. I begin by giving a brief account of the use of anatomical imaging since the Renaissance to show how images have historically functioned in contrast to how they are currently used in medical practice. Next, I examine how contemporary medical imaging techniques participate in a kind of knowledge production that objectifies the human body. Finally, I elucidate how physicians ought to place the medical image within the context of the <I>lived</I> body so as to create a healing relationship with the patient. In all this I hope to show that the medical image, far from a piece of objective data, testifies to the interplay of particular beliefs, practices and doctrines contemporary medicine holds dear. To best treat her patient, the physician must appreciate the influence of these images and appropriately place them within the context of the patient's lived experience.</p>
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Stahl, D.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010286</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010286</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Living into the imagined body: how the diagnostic image confronts the lived body]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Original article</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>53</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>58</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/59?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Perpetual bodily trauma: wounding and memory in the Middle English romances]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/59?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[
<p>In the 21st century, the concept of trauma is deeply ingrained in psychological discourse despite the term's origins in literal, physical wounding and affecting experience. However, to understand the sources or causes of trauma, psychologists recognise the paramount importance of somatic evidence. The body provides corporeal systems for inputs that might trigger a later remembrance which might be auditory, visual, even tactile. The same body will continue to experience the trauma throughout its life, only alleviated, perhaps, by an appropriate therapeutic or chemical treatment. The body is therefore an important source of the trauma as an affected entity inscribed with experience, but the corporeal form also offers a way in which to identify and understand traumatic suffering itself. In the medieval period, trauma or violent experiences were similarly viewed as corporeal inscriptions which may fade but, metaphorically, remain immediately wounding. This paper explores the presentation of trauma in medieval romances, narratives strewn with injured bodies and correspondingly altered personalities and reputations, and compares this with contemporary research relating to trauma and the neurobiology of consciousness. The core issue is one of experience and expression: how an individual feels and continues to suffer trauma, and the ways in which that suffering can be communicated to those around. Through considering this issue, the paper argues for a relationship between the human experience of trauma across the centuries, and with this the combination of corporeal symbol and affect, and the dynamic interaction of a wounded body with time and its later life.</p>
]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[McKinstry, J.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010199</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010199</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Perpetual bodily trauma: wounding and memory in the Middle English romances]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Student original article</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>59</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>64</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/64?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Come see my baby in Kitwe]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/64?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[
<p><qd><p>Come See My Baby In Kitwe</p>
</qd></p>
<p><qd><p>In a cinder-block building</p>
<p>Tucked behind the maternity ward</p>
<p>Cries rise from rows of metal cribs</p>
<p>Like baby sparrows</p>
<p>Chirping at dusk as the cobra</p>
<p>Slithers toward their orphan nest</p>
</qd></p>
<p><qd><p>Eyes widen as white hands</p>
<p>Lift the soiled cloth off a naked frame</p>
<p>Baring black bones wrapped in cellophane skin</p>
<p>Raw sores and lymph nodes cluster</p>
<p>Like hot stones along</p>
<p>A small red path</p>
</qd></p>
<p><qd><p>Death coils around the crib</p>
<p>Hisses, then plucks out</p>
<p>The frail heart</p>
<p>Places it on his full cart</p>
<p>Pulled down the rows</p>
<p>As night falls</p>
</qd></p>
<p><fn><no>Competing interests</no><p>None.</p>
</fn></p>
<p><fn><no>Provenance and peer review</no><p>Not commissioned; internally peer reviewed.</p>
</fn></p>]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[McAdams, R. M.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010346</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010346</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Come see my baby in Kitwe]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Poetry and prose</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>64</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>64</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/65?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Illness as Narrative]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/65?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <sec id="s1"> <p>With <I>Illness as Narrative</I>, Ann Jurecic seeks to reclaim the validity of illness narratives from the still dominant &lsquo;hermeneutics of suspicion&rsquo; in literary criticism and its allies. That widespread faction, when not ignoring illness narratives entirely, tends to dismiss them for their earnestness, na&iuml;vet&eacute;, subjectivity and affectivity. Illness narratives are pragmatic and not theoretical. Like much life writing, they disregard the social, political and cultural powers that shape discourse, and therefore, they simply fall out of the jurisdiction of legitimate scholarly consideration. Or so the criticisms go. Jurecic does not wish to discount the established critical climate, but to expose its inadequacies, in particular, its neglect of our ordinary motives for writing and reading illness narratives. It is these motives that she thinks must be brought to bear in any serious critical treatment. She looks first at the history of personal accounts of illness, and then devotes...]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Behrendt, K.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010322</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010322</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Illness as Narrative]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-16</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Reviews</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>65</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>66</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/66?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Black Bag Moon: Doctors' Tales from Dusk to Dawn]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/66?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <sec id="medhum-2012-010324s1"> <p>The author of this collection of fictionalised medical vignettes is a &lsquo;doctor's wife who keeps her ears open.&rsquo; Susan Woldenberg Butler managed her husband's medical practice in a small Canadian country town before he &lsquo;slid completely into academia&rsquo;. She interviewed family doctors around the world, and has produced a slim volume of fly-on-the-wall short stories that highlight current issues and universal themes.</p> <p>Each chapter is told by a fictionalised doctor. The scene is set in note form at the start of the chapter. The short story is told in the first person, the scene is set, characters introduced, and a medical scenario described. The doctor acts, opines and muses. It's a bit like one of those rural GP programmes they show on telly in the afternoons, but with less sex.</p> <p>I set out to read this slim book with high hopes and a pleasant sense of expectation....]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Robinson, A.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010324</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010324</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Black Bag Moon: Doctors' Tales from Dusk to Dawn]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-16</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Reviews</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>66</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>67</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/67?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Must try harder]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/67?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <sec id="medhum-2013-010382s1"> <p>The eponymous heroine of <I>Barbara</I> is a female paediatric surgeon. The film won an award for director Christian Petzold at the Berlin Film Festival and has had generally good reviews, so I was hoping that it would avoid the usual clich&eacute;s. But although it was watchable and absorbing, I came away disappointed.</p> <p>The film is set in preunification East Germany in 1980. Barbara (Nina Hoss) has been banished from a prestigious Berlin hospital to work in a small rural one as punishment for requesting to leave East Germany. We sympathise with her&mdash;the scenes of life in the East German countryside are pretty grim and her flat looks like a prison cell. She is kept an eye on by handsome young doctor Andre (Ronald Zehrfeld), who has been told to make advances towards her and to report her every movement to the Stasi. Not surprisingly, she takes an...]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Dickinson, C.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2013-010382</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2013-010382</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Must try harder]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-16</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Reviews</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>67</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>68</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/68?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Bad doings at Big Pharma (Old times)]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/68?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <p>An estimated 34 million people live with an HIV-positive status across the globe (70% of that figure&nbsp;in sub-Saharan Africa)&mdash;a pandemic that is not going away any time soon. One of the most controversial issues surrounding the global management of HIV is explored by Canadian-raised, Indian/ Irish director and writer Dylan Mohan Gray in his documentary <I>Fire in the Blood</I>&mdash;an eye-opening look at the practices of the world's biggest pharmaceutical companies that produce HIV medication and the governments who tolerate their commercial practices (figure 1).</p> <p>The film, which was an &lsquo;official selection&rsquo; at the Sundance Film Festival in the USA earlier this year, has the tagline &lsquo;<I>Medicine</I>, <I>Monopoly</I>, <I>Malice</I>&rsquo; and examines how millions of people in developing nations have been denied access to antiretroviral HIV medications (ARVs) since the advent of the drugs in 1996. Director Gray reveals what he calls a &lsquo;crisis of humanity&rsquo;, in which trade patents and...]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[El Derby, Y.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2013-010380</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2013-010380</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Bad doings at Big Pharma (Old times)]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-16</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Reviews</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>68</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>69</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/70?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Exploring graphic pathographies in the medical humanities]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/70?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <sec id="s1"> <p>While diagrams and visual aids are often used to help patients understand and remember information, the teaching of visual literacy skills in medical education curricula is still in its infancy. In the context of a wider medical humanistic training programme, Michael Green and Kimberly Myers claim that graphic pathographies (book-length comics about illnesses) can be used to teach medical students observational and interpretive skills.<cross-ref type="bib" refid="R1">1</cross-ref> Along similar lines, Ian Williams highlights the suitability of graphic pathographies as teaching aids for the development of history-taking skills.<cross-ref type="bib" refid="R2">2</cross-ref> This educational case study describes a 2-h session on graphic pathographies, designed for King's College London's summer school, &lsquo;The Boundaries of Illness: An Introduction to the Medical Humanities&rsquo; and attended by 15 international undergraduate students of biomedical sciences.</p> <p>Using the theoretical writings of Will Eisner<cross-ref type="bib" refid="R3">3</cross-ref> and Scott McCloud<cross-ref type="bib" refid="R4">4</cross-ref>, students were introduced to the constituent elements...]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Vaccarella, M.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010209</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010209</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Exploring graphic pathographies in the medical humanities]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Educational case study</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>70</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>71</prism:endingPage>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/72?rss=1">
<title><![CDATA[Invitation]]></title>
<link>http://mh.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/39/1/72?rss=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[ <p><I>Come</I>.</p> <p><I>I will show you grief</I>.</p> <p><I>Look here</I>.</p> <p><I>You want to see?</I></p> <p><I>The open refrigerator door frames the lovers.</I></p> <p><I>Just this way.</I></p> <p><I>Follow me.</I></p> <p><I>We're almost there.</I></p> <p><I>You will stand with me by the side.</I></p> <p><I>You will have to look down&mdash;it's private.</I></p> <p><I>But can see from the corner of your eye.</I></p> <p>A cold visitation deep in the quiet maze of the hospital basement. Just myself witness. Best man to half an alter-vow fading under caresses. Now you along side.</p> <p>&lsquo;Can I cut a piece of hair?&rsquo; she asks, no longer knowing what was hers. Crush hold memento.</p> <p>&lsquo;Of course, or we can take care of that for you&rsquo;. I would start the case as soon as she finished. An intrusion of strong gloved hands and calculating blades waiting.</p> <p>The hair was her final quiet request, but the visit had started with a scream. Mrs. Paznyk had seen her husband...]]></description>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Margolis, B.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:date>2013-05-12T23:23:40-07:00</dc:date>
<dc:identifier>info:doi/10.1136/medhum-2012-010312</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>hwp:master-id:medhum;medhum-2012-010312</dc:identifier>
<dc:publisher>Institute of Medical Ethics</dc:publisher>
<dc:title><![CDATA[Invitation]]></dc:title>
<prism:publicationDate>2013-05-12</prism:publicationDate>
<prism:section>Poetry and prose</prism:section>
<prism:volume>39</prism:volume>
<prism:number>1</prism:number>
<prism:startingPage>72</prism:startingPage>
<prism:endingPage>72</prism:endingPage>
</item>
</rdf:RDF>